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It is now well established that among the penicillins and cephalosporins,one of the most important mechanisms of resistance is the production of theenzyme,β-lactamase.This enzyme is widely distributed among Gram-positiveand Gram-negative bacteria and in recent years the frequency of β-lactamaseproducing strains in many important pathogens bas increased significantly.Table 1 shows the frequency of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcusanreus in the Outpatients Department of one London hospital. It willbe seen that more than 80％ of these isolates are now penicillin-resistantwhich means they are also resistant to ampicillin,amoxycillin and to otherpenicillins.No longer can we say that β-lactamase-producing Staph.aureusare confined to the hospital.
It is now well established that among the penicillins and cephalosporins, one of the most important mechanisms of resistance is the production of the enzyme, β-lactamase. This enzyme is widely distributed among Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and in recent years the frequency of β-lactamaseproducing strains in many important pathogens basically increased. Table 1 shows the frequency of penicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the Outpatients Department of one London hospital. It willbe seen that more than 80% of these isolates are now penicillin-resistantwhich means they are also resistant to ampicillin, amoxycillin and to otherpenicillins. No longer can we say that β-lactamase-producing Staph. aureusare confined to the hospital.