●历史的进步从来就不是按照道德的评判原则发展的。我们不能“用一般性的词句痛骂奴隶制”现象,“对这些可耻的现象发泄高尚的义愤”,因为它毕竟“是一个巨大的进步”(恩格斯语)。对于资本主义的确立,同样是如此。正是由于一这原因,马克思当年就曾激烈批判过卡尔·海因岑和道梅尔等用“道德化的批评”来“辱骂任何一种发展”的倾向为“本能上的发育不全”。但是,也并不可以反过来把奴隶制的野蛮残酷,看成是人类文明史上的一种美德,也不可以说从莎士比亚到巴尔扎克等伟大作家揭露资产阶级的无耻贪婪,不是人类文明史上的一项不朽的遗产。不能以道德 ● Historical progress has never been based on the principle of moral judgment. We can not “swear slavery in general terms” or “exaggerate our indignation at these shameful phenomena” because, after all, it is “a great advance” (Engels). The same is true of the establishment of capitalism. It is precisely for this reason that Marx had in the past fiercely criticized the tendency of “abusing any kind of development” such as Karl Heinzen and Daumere to “insult any one kind of development” with “moral criticism” as “instinctive hypoplasia.” However, it does not mean that the brutal cruelty of slavery can be regarded as a virtue in the history of human civilization. Nor can we say that the great writers from Shakespeare to Balzac expose the inhuman greed of the bourgeoisie and not in the history of human civilization An immortal legacy. Can not be moral