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目的:研究分析住院患者抗菌药物相关性腹泻患者的临床表现特征和相应的预防措施。方法:选取2010年1月-2011年12月期间,我院收治的90例发生住院抗菌药物相关性腹泻患者作为研究对象,设为观察组,选取同期无抗菌药物相关性腹泻的患者,设为对照组。分析两组患者的临床资料,比较影响抗菌药物相关性腹泻的原因、临床特点,并总结有效的预防措施。结果:抗菌药物相关性腹泻临床主要表现为稀水样腹泻、棕黄色或草绿色腹泻;经粪常规细菌培养和真菌培养均呈阴性;共使用五类17种抗生素。病情危重、高龄因素、禁食、干预措施、抗生素种类多和应用时间长等是影响抗菌药物相关性腹泻的主要因素。本组研究观察组90例患者中86例治疗后症状消失,4例因原发病不治死亡。结论:住院患者存在抗菌药物相关性腹泻现象十分常见,对患者的治疗和预后具有负面影响,合理选用抗生素治疗,减少侵入性操作和加强营养支持是预防抗菌药物相关性腹泻的主要措施。
Objective: To study the clinical characteristics and corresponding preventive measures of patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients. Methods: From January 2010 to December 2011, 90 cases of hospital-acquired antimicrobial-drug-related diarrhea admitted to our hospital were selected as the observation group and selected as the observation group. The patients without antimicrobial drug-related diarrhea during the same period were selected as Control group. The clinical data of two groups of patients were analyzed to compare the causes and clinical characteristics of antibiotic-associated diarrhea and to sum up the effective preventive measures. Results: The main clinical manifestations of antibiotic-associated diarrhea were watery diarrhea, brownish-yellow or grass-green diarrhea. Conventional bacterial culture and fungal culture were negative. Five types of 17 antibiotics were used. Serious illness, aging, fasting, interventions, antibiotic variety and the application of a long time is the main factor affecting the antimicrobial-related diarrhea. 86 cases of 90 patients in this study group disappeared after treatment, 4 patients died of primary disease. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in hospitalized patients is very common and has a negative impact on the treatment and prognosis of patients. The rational use of antibiotics, reduction of invasive procedures and enhancement of nutritional support are the main measures to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea.