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目的探讨东莞地区儿童哮喘的患病率与影响因素。方法采用整群抽样的调查方法 ,对2012年10月-2013年10月东莞地区0~14岁儿童进行初步问卷筛查,对明确患病儿童作进一步问卷调查,并对调查数据进行统一处理分析。结果实际调查12321名儿童,确诊患病儿童235例,患病率1.91%较2012年1.72%与2011年1.32%明显升高。其中患病男童166例,患病女童69例。男童患病率1.35%明显高于女童0.56%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。回归分析证实,儿童过敏史、家族过敏史、连续咳嗽和反复呼吸道感染是影响儿童哮喘发生的独立危险因素。结论东莞地区儿童哮喘患病率呈逐年上升趋势,家族过敏史、过敏性鼻炎、连续咳嗽和反复呼吸道感染是儿童患病的主要影响因素。
Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of childhood asthma in Dongguan area. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to screen the children from 0 to 14 years old in Dongguan from October 2012 to October 2013. The questionnaires were further surveyed on the children with definite illness and the data of the investigation were unifiedly analyzed . Results The actual survey of 12,321 children, confirmed sick children 235 cases, the prevalence of 1.91% compared with 1.72% in 2012 and 1.32% in 2011 increased significantly. Among them, 166 cases of sick boys and 69 cases of sick girls. The prevalence of boys was 1.35%, which was significantly higher than that of girls (0.56%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Regression analysis confirmed that childhood allergy history, family history of allergies, continuous cough and recurrent respiratory tract infections are independent risk factors affecting children’s asthma. Conclusion The prevalence of asthma in children in Dongguan shows an increasing trend year by year. Family history of allergy, allergic rhinitis, continuous cough and recurrent respiratory tract infections are the main influencing factors.