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选取国家果树种质福州龙眼圃保存的71份龙眼种质资源,进行花序性状多样性的研究。结果表明:(1)花序长度为19.9～39.4cm,花序宽度为14.0～33.0cm,花序支轴数为4.4～13.3个,雄花雄蕊数为7.1～8.8枚,花冠直径为5.8～8.8mm,5个数量性状变异系数为4.9%～19.9%。花序长度与花序宽度、花序长度与花序支轴数呈极显著正相关,花序宽度与花序支轴数呈显著正相关。(2)调查的龙眼种质花序数量性状分成5个级次,不同级次其比率也不同,差异较大。(3)不同原产地龙眼种质的花序长度和花冠直径2个花序数量性状存在明显差异,原产广东的龙眼种质花序长度显著长于原产福建的;而原产福建的龙眼种质花冠直径则显著大于原产广东的。(4)龙眼种质花序支轴紧密度、柱头形态、花序主轴颜色和花蕾颜色等4个描述性状也存在多样性;柱头形态以“r”形种质最多,占50.7%,叉形最少;花序主轴颜色以红褐色的种质最多,为60.6%,绿色最少;而花蕾颜色则以浅绿色的种质居多,占81.7%。
A total of 71 longan germplasm resources preserved in the national fruit tree germplasm Longzhou nursery were selected for the study of the diversity of inflorescence traits. The results showed that: (1) The length of inflorescence was 19.9-39.4cm, the width of inflorescence was 14.0-33.0cm, the number of inflorescence branch was 4.4-13.3, the number of stamen was 7.1-8.8, the diameter of corolla was 5.8-8.8mm, The coefficient of variation of the number of traits was 4.9% ~ 19.9%. The length of inflorescence, the width of inflorescence, the length of inflorescence and the number of inflorescences were significantly and positively correlated. The width of inflorescence was positively correlated with the number of inflorescences. (2) The quantitative characters of the longan inflorescences were divided into 5 grades, and the rates of different grades were also different, with great differences. (3) There were significant differences in the length of inflorescences and the quantitative characters of the two inflorescences of corolla between different natives. The length of the longan inflorescences originating in Guangdong was significantly longer than that of the native Fujian. The diameter of native longan corolla Then significantly greater than the origin of Guangdong. (4) There were also four descriptive traits such as compactness, stigma morphology, inflorescence spindle color and flower bud color in the longan. Diversity of the four traits also existed in the morphological characters of stigma with “r” shape, accounting for 50.7% The least; the main color of inflorescence spindle with reddish brown germplasm up to 60.6%, the least green; while the flower buds are mostly light green germplasm, accounting for 81.7%.