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汶川地震公路隧道普通段衬砌垮塌震害均发生在施工塌方段。依托汶川地震公路隧道普通段震害调查资料,对强震作用下隧道施工塌方段进行震害特征、震害机理及处治技术研究具有重要的意义。揭示了汶川地震区公路隧道施工塌方段震害特征:软弱围岩施工塌方段均出现了二衬垮塌震害,严重段落甚至出现衬砌整体垮塌震害。探明了强震区隧道施工塌方段震害机理:地震惯性力影响明显;强制位移影响较小。强震区隧道施工塌方段采取“回填注浆+交错设缝”的处治措施后,主应力和内力的减震率均在35%以上,这说明“回填注浆+交错设缝”处治措施对隧道施工塌方段抗减震具有明显效果,是一种行之有效的处治措施。研究结论对于高烈度艰险山区交通生命线的抗减震技术具有重要的意义。
The Wenchuan earthquake tunnel tunnel common section lining collapse damage occurred in the construction collapse section. Relying on the Wenchuan Earthquake Highway tunnel general section seismic damage survey data, under the action of strong earthquakes tunnel collapse section of earthquake damage characteristics, damage mechanism and treatment technology is of great significance. The seismic damage characteristics of highway tunnels in the Wenchuan earthquake area are revealed. Both of the collapsible linings of the weak surrounding rock have suffered the second lining collapse damage, and even the whole section of the lining has suffered serious damage. The mechanism of earthquake damage in the landslide section of tunnel construction in strong earthquake area is proved: the influence of earthquake inertial force is obvious; the effect of forced displacement is small. After the treatment measures of “backfill grouting + staggered stagnation” in the landslip section of tunnels in strong earthquakes, the damping rates of the main stress and the internal force are above 35%, which shows that the treatment measures of “backfill grouting + staggered stagnation” Tunnel construction collapse section anti-shock has a significant effect, is an effective treatment measures. The conclusions of the study are of great significance to the anti-shock technology of traffic lifeline in the high-intensity mountainous area.