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目的探讨黄芪对糖尿病大鼠肾脏的保护作用机制。方法将w istar大鼠分为3组。空白对照(A)组;糖尿病模型(B)组;糖尿病6周后+黄芪注射液(C)组。测定第1、8周血肌酐、计算肌酐清除率,计算尿微量白蛋白排泄率(UAE)。8周后将动物处死测定肾皮质SOD、GSH-Px、MDA、NO2-/NO3-和NOS。并行PAS染色及Ⅳ胶原免疫组化制片。结果第1周末开始B、C组Ccr、UAE较A组明显升高(P<0.01)。第8周末C组UAE较B组明显降低(P<0.01)。C组肾皮质T-SOD、GSH-Px较B组明显升高,MDA含量较B组明显降低。C组肾皮质NO2-/NO3-和NOS显著高于B组(P<0.01),A、C组之间差异无统计学意义。C组光镜下示病变较B组轻,PAS阳性物质和肾小球系膜区Ⅳ胶原表达明显低于B组。结论黄芪可明显减轻糖尿病大鼠蛋白尿,改善肾小球滤过率。通过提高抗氧化酶活性、清除ROS、增加NOS活性从而减轻糖尿病鼠肾小球GMB增厚及系膜区基质增生,延缓肾小球硬化进程。
Objective To investigate the protective mechanism of astragalus on the kidney of diabetic rats. Methods w istar rats were divided into 3 groups. Control group (A); Diabetes model (B) group; Diabetes 6 weeks later and Huangqi injection (C) group. Serum creatinine was measured at week 1 and 8, creatinine clearance was calculated, and urinary microalbumin excretion rate (UAE) was calculated. After 8 weeks, animals were sacrificed to measure SOD, GSH-Px, MDA, NO2-/NO3-, and NOS in the renal cortex. Parallel PAS staining and IV collagen immunohistochemistry production. Results The Ccr and UAE of B and C groups were significantly higher than those of A group at the end of the first week (P<0.01). At the 8th weekend, UAE in group C was significantly lower than that in group B (P<0.01). In group C, T-SOD and GSH-Px in renal cortex were significantly higher than those in group B. MDA content was significantly lower than that in group B. In group C, NO2-/NO3- and NOS were significantly higher in renal cortex than in group B (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference between groups A and C. In group C, lesions were lighter than those in group B under light microscope. The expression of collagen IV in PAS-positive and glomerular mesangial areas was significantly lower than that in group B. Conclusion Astragalus can significantly reduce proteinuria in diabetic rats and improve glomerular filtration rate. By increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, scavenging ROS and increasing NOS activity, the glomerular GMB thickening and mesangial matrix hyperplasia in diabetic mice were reduced, and glomerulosclerosis was delayed.