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构建土壤理化特征年龄函数是定量认识土壤发育过程的重要途径,也是建立土壤发育模型的基础。本研究通过对陕西洛川全新世黑垆土剖面土壤理化特征及土壤14 C年龄进行研究,利用线性函数、对数函数和三阶多项式对其进行拟合,从而构建土壤年龄函数。结果表明:利用三阶多项式对土壤黏粒(<0.002mm)、粉粒(0.002～0.02mm)、砂粒(0.02～2mm)与土壤年龄拟合效果最好,其变化趋势表明了黑垆土层的存在;而对数函数的拟合结果较好地反映了土壤有机碳随土壤年龄逐渐减少和pH随土壤年龄逐渐增大的过程;土壤CaCO3含量、Mn/Zr,Fe/Zr,K/Zr,Mg/Zr,Ca/Zr,P/Zr,Na/Zr随土壤年龄变化规律与三阶多项式拟合结果最为相符,其结果较好地反映了CaCO3与各种土壤元素在土壤中的迁移过程。
The establishment of age-function of soil physical and chemical characteristics is an important way to quantitatively understand the process of soil development, but also to establish the basis of soil development model. In this study, the soil physical and chemical characteristics of Holocene black soil section and the 14 C age of soil in Luochuan of Luochuan, Shaanxi province were studied. The linear function, the logarithmic function and the third-order polynomial were used to establish the soil age function. The results show that the fitting effect of soil clay with clay (<0.002mm), silt (0.002-0.02mm) and sand (0.02-2mm) is the best with the third order polynomial. The trend of change shows that the black soil layer The fitting results of logarithm function better reflect the process of soil organic carbon decreasing with soil age and pH increasing with soil age. The content of soil CaCO3, Mn / Zr, Fe / Zr, K / Zr , Mg / Zr, Ca / Zr, P / Zr and Na / Zr are in good agreement with the third-order polynomial fitting results. The results better reflect the migration process of CaCO3 and various soil elements in the soil .