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目的研究不同地区儿童流行性脑脊髓膜炎(流脑)免疫状况,为制定流脑免疫对策,控制流脑流行提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机抽样方法抽取阜阳市三区1～15岁儿童为研究对象,采用ELISA方法检测A群流脑血清抗体水平。结果共调查970名儿童,流脑抗体阳性854人,阳性率为88.04%;不同地区流脑抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ2=47.52,P<0.01);1～3岁组儿童与其他年龄儿童抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);城乡差异无显著性(χ2=0.36,P>0.01)。结论儿童流脑抗体阳性率较高。3岁以下儿童免疫水平偏低,是流脑散发或局部流行的高危人群,应加强免疫接种工作。
Objective To study the immunological status of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis (meningococcal meningitis) in children in different regions and provide a scientific basis for the development of immunization strategies for controlling meningococcal meningitis. Methods Stratified random sampling method was used to select children aged 1 ~ 15 years old in three districts of Fuyang City. ELISA method was used to detect the level of serum antibody in group A patients. Results A total of 970 children were enrolled in this study. The prevalence rate of meningococcal antibody was 854, with a positive rate of 88.04%. The positive rate of meningococcal antibody in different areas was significantly different (χ2 = 47.52, P <0.01) The positive rate of antibody in children was statistically significant (P <0.01). There was no significant difference between urban and rural children (χ2 = 0.36, P> 0.01). Conclusion The positive rate of children’s meningococcal antibody is high. Immunization of children under 3 years of age is low, is the meningitis or local epidemic of high-risk populations should be strengthened immunization work.