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采用均匀沉淀和高温热分解相结合的方法制备了纳米银粉体,分析了粉体形成机理,研究了pH值、烧结温度和时间对粉体粒径和形貌的影响;采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜表征了纳米银粉体结构、组成、大小和形貌。结果表明,pH=7、烧结温度300℃、烧结2h的条件下可得到分散性好、颗粒均匀,粒径50nm的粉体。本制备方法原料易得、成本低、设备及工艺简单,反应副产物易回收且可用作肥料,整个过程满足清洁生产的要求。
The nano-silver powder was prepared by a combination of uniform precipitation and high-temperature pyrolysis. The formation mechanism of the powder was analyzed. The effects of pH value, sintering temperature and time on the particle size and morphology of the powder were investigated. The structure, composition, size and morphology of nano-silver powder were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that under the conditions of pH = 7, sintering temperature of 300 ℃ and sintering for 2h, powders with good dispersibility, uniform particles and particle size of 50nm were obtained. The preparation method has the advantages of easy availability of raw materials, low cost, simple equipment and process, easy recovery of reaction by-products and useable as fertilizer, and the entire process meets the requirements of cleaner production.