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SS定理告诉我们,自由贸易使国内充裕生产要素所有者的收益上升,相对稀缺生产要素所有者的收益下降,从而缩小二者之间的工资差距。然而,随着对外贸易规模的不断扩大,中国制造业工人在相对工资不断增加的同时,高、低技术工人二者之间的工资差距也在扩大,从而与SS定理所预期的结论不符。本文放松了关于充分就业的假定,就国际贸易对中国制造业工资差距的影响进行了实证分析,研究结果表明:失业、劳动供给增加、技能偏向型的技术进步会拉大工资差距,从而更好地解释了国际贸易对中国制造业工资差距的影响。
The SS theorem tells us that free trade increases the returns of owners of domestic factors of production, while the gains of owners of relatively scarce factors of production decline, thus narrowing the wage gap between the two. However, as the scale of foreign trade continues to expand, the wage gap between Chinese workers in manufacturing industry and the wage workers in both high and low-skilled workers is expanding at the same time that relative wages are rising. This is not in line with the conclusion expected by the SS theorem. This paper relaxes the hypothesis of full employment and makes an empirical analysis of the impact of international trade on the wage gap of China’s manufacturing industry. The results show that unemployment, increased labor supply and skill-oriented technological progress will widen the wage gap and thus make it better To explain the impact of international trade on China’s manufacturing wage gap.