文化唯物论兴起于20世纪80年代,注重探讨文本与历史语境的互动。在莎士比亚的作品中,同性关系若隐若现,莎氏既无直言不讳,亦无刻意遮掩。本文以莎士比亚戏剧《威尼斯商人》和《两贵亲》为例,运用文化唯物论的方法,复原文艺复兴时期的历史语境,解释当时社会性别政治背后的意识形态构建:因资本原始积累需要,同性关系在文艺复兴时期泛滥,但是此类关系不能产生子嗣,所以会威胁既定的阶级关系和等级秩序,最终被主导意识形态放弃。 The rise of cultural materialism in the 1980s focused on the interaction of texts and historical contexts. In Shakespeare’s work, same-sex relationships looming, Shakespeare neither outspoken, nor deliberately cover up. Taking Shakespeare ’s play “The Merchant of Venice” and “Two Kinsmen” as an example, this article uses cultural materialism to restore the historical context of the Renaissance and explains the ideological construction behind the gender politics at that time. Because of the primitive accumulation of capital, Homosexuality flourished during the Renaissance, but such relations did not produce children, so they threatened established class relations and hierarchical order and were eventually abandoned by dominant ideology.