目的:分析杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR)及其特异性配体HLAⅠ类分子在江苏地区汉族人群的分布特点。方法:分别利用real-time PCR法和PCR-SSP方法对173例无血缘关系的江苏汉族健康人群进行KIR和HLA-Cw,HLA-Bw4分型,并分析KIR/HLA配对组合的类型和数量。结果:江苏汉族人群中,>92%的个体同时表达四种抑制性KIR(iKIR)(2DL1,2DL2/3,3DL1,3DL2)。2DL2/HLA-C1,2DL3/HLA-C1,2DL1/HLA-C2,3DL1/Bw4的频率分别依次分别为0.243,0.971,0.457,0.590;2DS1/HLA-C2,2DS2/HLA-C1的频率为0.162,0.231。54.3%的个体只表达2DL1而不表达相应的配体HLA-C2,32.9%的个体只表达3DL1而缺乏配体HLA-Bw4,另有5.8%的个体只表达HLA-Bw4而不表达3DL1。27.7%的个体同时表达3种iKIR/HLA,26%的个体同时表达两种iKIR/HLA,25.4%的个体只遗传一个iKIR/HLA配对,未发现3种iKIR/HLA同时缺失的个体。结论:在江苏汉族人群中,存在KIR与HLA表型分离现象,抑制性KIR/HLA配对表达高于刺激性KIR/HLA配对,约1/4个体只表达单个iKIR/HLA配对。 OBJECTIVE: To analyze the distribution of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) and its specific ligand HLA class I in Chinese Han population in Jiangsu Province. Methods: KIR and HLA-Cw and HLA-Bw4 genotypes were analyzed by real-time PCR and PCR-SSP in 173 Han unrelated healthy Han Chinese, respectively. The types and numbers of KIR / HLA matched pairs were also analyzed. RESULTS: Of the Han Chinese population in Jiangsu,> 92% of the individuals expressed four inhibitory KIRs (2DL1, 2DL2 / 3,3DL1, 3DL2) simultaneously. The frequencies of 2DL2 / HLA-C1, 2DL3 / HLA-C1, 2DL1 / HLA-C2 and 3DL1 / Bw4 were 0.243, 0.971, 0.457 and 0.590 respectively; the frequencies of 2DS1 / HLA- , 0.231.54.3% of the individuals expressed 2DL1 only but did not express the corresponding ligand HLA-C2, 32.9% of the individuals expressed 3DL1 only and lacked the ligand HLA-Bw4, while 5.8% of the individuals expressed only HLA-Bw4 but not Three kinds of iKIR / HLA were expressed simultaneously in 27.7% of 3DL and two types of iKIR / HLA in 26% of individuals. Only one matched pair of iKIR / HLA was found in 25.4% of the individuals. No three individuals with iKIR / HLA deletion were found. CONCLUSION: KIR-HLA phenotype exists in Jiangsu Han population. The inhibitory KIR / HLA pairing expression is higher than stimulating KIR / HLA pairing, and about 1/4 of the individuals express only one iKIR / HLA pairing.