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保持直接顶稳定,降低其突变所引起的危害是沿空留巷顶板控制的关键。基于沿空留巷直接顶力学模型,采用能量平衡分析法,建立直接顶突变的燕尾突变模型。结合某工程实例,阐述沿空留巷直接顶稳定性突变机理,分析巷帮煤体支撑力、巷内支护阻力、充填体支撑力对直接顶稳定性突变的影响。实践表明,增加工作面超前加固范围,巷内支护采用高预应力强力锚杆与锚索等主动支护,巷旁采用膏体充填,能够提高充填体早期强度,延缓直接顶稳定性突变的发生和减轻突变发生的烈度。
Maintaining the direct top stability and reducing the damage caused by the sudden change is the key to the roof control of gob-side entry retaining. Based on the direct top mechanics model of gob-side entry retaining, a swallowtail catastrophe model with direct top mutation was established by energy balance analysis. Combined with an engineering example, the mechanism of direct roof stability of gob-side entry retaining gateway is described, and the influence of coal-bed supporting force, lane-retaining lining support force and filling supporting force on the direct roof stability mutation is analyzed. Practice shows that the increase of working face ahead of the consolidation range, laneway support using high prestressed strong anchor and anchor cable and other active support laneside paste filling, can improve the early strength of the filling body, delay the direct stability of the top of the mutation Occur and reduce the intensity of the mutation.