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目的分析我国不同水产品消费地区孕妇脂肪酸摄入状况。方法应用食物频率法分别在淡水产品消费量较高的江苏省句容市、海产品消费量较高的山东省即墨市以及水产品消费量很低的河南省辉县市,对180名22~35岁孕妇进行妊娠中、晚期膳食调查,分析脂肪酸摄入状况。结果句容、即墨、辉县孕妇膳食中饱和脂肪酸(SFA),单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA),多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的比例分别为1:2.50:1.05、1:1.44:1.31、1:1.48:1.24。n-6PUFA/n-3PUFA分别为5.51、17.62、13.85。辉县孕妇膳食中SFA和n-6PUFA摄入量最高;句容孕妇膳食中MUFA和n-3PUFA摄入量最高;即墨孕妇膳食中二十碳五烯酸(EPA,20:5n-3)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,22:6n-3)摄入量最高。句容和辉县孕妇膳食中的花生四烯酸(AA,20:4n-6)摄入量均高于即墨。三地孕妇膳食中EPA和DHA均主要来自水产品;AA主要来自畜禽肉类和蛋类;亚麻酸(ALA,18:3n-3)和亚油酸(LA,18:2n-6)主要来自食用油、畜禽肉类、坚果和主食及糕点类。结论三地区SFA、MUFA、PUFA的摄入比例合理。即墨、辉县孕妇膳食中n-6/n-3PUFA比例偏高;即墨市孕妇膳食中DHA和EPA摄入量高于其它两地,但仍明显低于推荐量。建议增加孕妇膳食n-3PUFA,特别是DHA和EPA的摄入量。
Objective To analyze the status of fatty acid intake of pregnant women in different aquatic products consuming areas in China. Methods Food frequency method was used respectively in Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, which has a high consumption of fresh water products, Jimo City, Shandong Province, which has high consumption of seafood, and Huixian City, Henan Province, where consumption of aquatic products is very low. 35-year-old pregnant women during pregnancy, late dietary surveys, analysis of fatty acid intake. Results The proportions of saturated fatty acid (SFA), monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in pregnant women in Jurong, Jimo and Huixian were 1: 2.50: 1.05, 1: 1.44: 1.31, 1.48: 1.24. The n-6 PUFA / n-3 PUFA were 5.51, 17.62 and 13.85, respectively. The highest intakes of SFA and n-6 PUFAs in pregnant women in Huixian County were the highest; the intake of MUFA and n-3 PUFAs was the highest in Jurong pregnant women; the eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20: 5n-3) Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22: 6n-3) intake of the highest. The intake of arachidonic acid (AA, 20: 4n-6) in the pregnant women of Jurong and Huixian was higher than that of Jimo. EPA and DHA in the three pregnant women ’s diets mainly came from aquatic products; AA mainly came from livestock, meat and eggs; and linolenic acid (ALA, 18: 3n-3) and linoleic acid (LA: 18: 2n-6) From cooking oil, poultry and meat, nuts and staples and pastries. Conclusion The intake of SFA, MUFA and PUFA in the three regions is reasonable. The proportion of n-6 / n-3 PUFAs in pregnant women in Jimo and Huixian was high. The intake of DHA and EPA in pregnant women in Jimo was higher than the other two, but still lower than the recommended levels. It is recommended to increase the intake of n-3PUFA for pregnant women, especially for DHA and EPA.