在经济建设中 ,毛泽东有着强烈的“赶超”意识。新中国经济上贫穷落后的压力及其与西方国家巨大差距的危机感 ,是毛泽东“赶超”意识产生的客观基础 ;来自帝国主义国家对中国国家安全的威胁和挑战 ,是毛泽东产生“赶超”意识的重要动因 ;全国人民极大的生产热情和急于求成的社会心态 ,是毛泽东“赶超”意识产生的社会因素。毛泽东“赶超”意识及其实施战略 ,实质是为了迅速增强国家实力 ,提高人民的物质生活水平 ,摆脱西方发达国家的控制与威胁。因此 ,从宏观指导思想上来看 ,是完全正确的。但由于他对实现“赶超”需要付出长期艰苦的努力缺乏充分的认识 ,夸大主观能动性 ,忽视了客观经济规律和科学技术在社会进步中的重要作用 ,试图用“跃进”的方式来搞现代化建设 ,必然造成失误 In economic construction, Mao Zedong has a strong “catch-up” awareness. The pressure of poverty and backwardness in New China’s economy and its sense of crisis with the huge gap between Western countries are the objective bases for Mao Zedong’s “catch-up” consciousness. The threats and challenges China’s national security poses to imperialism are the result of Mao Zedong’s “catch-up ”An Important Motive for Consciousness; The great enthusiasm for production and the social mentality eager for progress by the people throughout the country are the social factors resulting from Mao Zedong’s“ catch-up ”awareness. The essence of Mao Zedong’s “catching up and surpassing” and its implementation strategy is in essence to speed up the national strength and improve people’s material life and get rid of the control and threats of the developed western countries. Therefore, from the macroscopic guiding ideology point of view, it is entirely correct. However, due to his lack of adequate understanding of the protracted and arduous efforts it needs to make to achieve “catch-up”, he exaggerates the initiative of the subjective initiative, ignores the objective economic laws and plays an important role in science and technology in social progress, and attempts to modernize by “leap forward” Construction will inevitably lead to mistakes