1.《国家处置重、特大森林火灾应急预案》编制背景森林火灾是当今世界发生面广、破坏性大、处置救助十分困难的自然灾害。据联合国粮农组织统计,目前全球每年因森林火灾过火总面积大约3亿～4亿公顷,相当于印度的国土面积,烧毁大约90亿吨的植物生物量。1997年发生在印度尼西亚的森林大火,持续燃烧近7个月,严重影响3000万 1. National contingency plans for dealing with heavy and super-large forest fires Background The forest fires are natural disasters that are widespread, devastating and difficult to handle in the world today. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), at present, about 300 million to 400 million hectares of the world’s fires are caused by forest fire each year, equivalent to India’s land area and burning about 9 billion tons of plant biomass. The forest fire that took place in Indonesia in 1997 continued to burn for nearly seven months, seriously affecting 30 million