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十大孔兑上游为丘陵严重的水土流失、下游为黄河干流,中部经过沙漠区,孔兑洪水泥沙在下游平原区河段时常淤积,并对入汇的黄河干流形成淤堵,灾害频发,严重影响沿岸地区正常的工农业生产,为解决孔兑下游河道淤积和对黄河河道产生的淤堵影响,在多条孔兑上先后实施了引洪放淤等措施。受工程不配套、建筑物老化破损、泥沙淤积严重等多种因素影响,现有的滞洪工程无法正常运行,难以发挥应有的工程效益。文章在对橡胶坝工程壅水特性计算和导流作用分析基础上,结合河道地形条件和水沙特点,针对工程的适用性条件、经济、防洪安全、管理运用等方面开展了初步的应用探讨,为解决孔兑洪水灾害提供技术参考和理论依据。
Ten holes against the upstream of the hills for the soil and water loss, the lower reaches of the Yellow River, the middle of the desert area, Kong flood flood sediment in the lower reaches of the plains area often silting, and the formation of the mainstream of the Yellow River sediment plugging, frequent disasters , Seriously affecting the normal industrial and agricultural production in the coastal areas. In order to solve the siltation of the downstream of Kong Du and the clogging of the Yellow River, a series of measures such as flood diversion and siltation were implemented at multiple holes. Affected by a variety of factors, such as unaccompanied works, aged and damaged buildings, and serious siltation of silt, existing detention works can not operate normally and it is difficult to exert due engineering benefits. Based on the analysis of the sluice water characteristics and the diversion of the rubber dam project and the combination of the topographic conditions and water and sediment characteristics of the river dam, the article discussed the preliminary application of the project in terms of applicability, economy, flood control safety, management and application, In order to solve the flood flood disaster provide a technical reference and theoretical basis.