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目的:通过岩骨的虚拟和实际解剖的对比性研究,探索虚拟现实(VR)技术在岩骨解剖研究中的价值。方法:实验分虚拟组和尸体组,每组标本均为20例。虚拟组将成人尸头标本CTA、MR等影像数据载入Dextroscope工作站,模拟岩骨显微解剖;尸体组在显微镜下进行相应的解剖,分别比较两组岩骨内结构定位数据。结果:内耳门前缘在岩骨嵴上投影点至弓状隆起与岩骨嵴交点、外耳道上缘中点距离,虚拟组分别为(24.23±2.88)mm和(40.65±4.48)mm;尸体组为(23.62±2.82)mm和(42.15±5.13)mm(P>0.05)。虚拟组中耳蜗前缘至颧弓根和颈内动脉膝部距离分别为(27.15±3.25)mm和(4.15±0.52)mm;尸体组则为(28.35±4.05)mm和(4.50±0.54)mm(P>0.05)。由外向内,岩段颈内动脉3个亚段前缘至达岩骨嵴距,虚拟组分别为(12.20±1.42)mm、(8.63±0.94)mm和(5.42±0.63)mm;尸体组为(10.68±1.24)mm、(8.62±0.92)mm和(5.69±0.61)mm(P>0.05)。结论:个体化虚拟解剖所测得关键数据与实际解剖测量值高度吻合,VR技术实现岩骨的个体化虚拟解剖具有可靠性。
OBJECTIVE: To explore the value of virtual reality (VR) technology in the anatomy of the petrous bone by comparing the virtual and actual anatomy of the petrous bone. Methods: The experiment was divided into virtual group and corpse group, with 20 cases in each group. The virtual group loaded the CTA and MR images of adult cadaver specimens into the Dextroscope workstation to simulate the anatomical anatomy of the petrous bone. The corpse group was anatomized under the microscope, and the anatomical data of the structures in the two groups were compared. Results: The distance from the projection point on the ridge of the inner ear to the point of intersection of the arcuate ridge and the petrous bone ridge and the upper edge of the external auditory canal was (24.23 ± 2.88) mm and (40.65 ± 4.48) mm, respectively (23.62 ± 2.82) mm and (42.15 ± 5.13) mm respectively (P> 0.05). The distance between the front of the cochlea and the knee of the internal carotid artery was (27.15 ± 3.25) mm and (4.15 ± 0.52) mm in the virtual group and (28.35 ± 4.05) mm and (4.50 ± 0.54) mm in the corpse group (P> 0.05). From the outer part to the inner part, the leading edge of the three sub-segments of the internal carotid artery reach the distance between the rockbone and the ridge, the virtual group is (12.20 ± 1.42) mm, (8.63 ± 0.94) mm and (5.42 ± 0.63) mm respectively; (10.68 ± 1.24) mm, (8.62 ± 0.92) mm and (5.69 ± 0.61) mm respectively (P> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The key data measured by the individualized virtual anatomy are in good agreement with the actual anatomical measurements. The VR virtualization of the individualized virtual anatomy of the petrous bone is reliable.