中华文化中龟与龙、凤、麟并称为四灵,在相当长的历史时期内被视为具有通天达地功能的神物。居于庙堂之上,献策于军国大事,可谓是显赫一时。斗转星移,自元代以后,龟被脱去了神圣的外衣,流落于民间市井之中,成为人们戏谑的对象。龟的这种文化隐喻直到今天还可以依晰见到它的影子。应该说,龟是中国诸多文化意象中伴随意义变化最为强烈的事项之一,以致于它的辉煌过去已经湮灭在尘封的记忆中,鲜为人知了。但是随着卜甲的大量发现,龟在古代社会生活中的特殊作用又引起了人们的关注,而红山文化中玉龟(鳖)的发现又为我 In the Chinese culture, turtles, dragons, phoenixes and lions are collectively referred to as the four spirits, and are regarded as sacred objects that have the function of universal presence for quite a long historical period. Living in the temple above, offer advice in military affairs, can be described as prominent moment. After the twists and turns, since the Yuan Dynasty, turtles have been removed from the holy cloak, living in the civil well, become the object of people joking. This cultural metaphor of turtles can still be seen in the shadow of today. It should be said that turtles are one of the most dramatic changes in concomitant sentiments in many cultural images in China, so that its glory has been annihilated in dusty memories and little-known. However, with the large number of discoveries made by Bu Jia, the special role of turtles in ancient social life has aroused people’s attention. The discovery of turtle in Hongshan culture, in turn,