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目的:探讨黑龙江省喉癌发病的病因特点。方法:用配对病例对照方法研究黑龙江省喉癌发病的危险因素,按性别、年龄、城乡分布进行1∶1配对。资料分析使用单因素及多因素Logistic回归。结果:单因素分析显示文化程度高,经常食用酸菜、熏烤食物、加工性肉制品,体育锻炼较少,日工作时间较短,吸烟,性格暴躁等因素可增加患喉癌的危险;经常食用新鲜蔬菜、粗粮、蛋类、牛奶,经常参加体育锻炼可降低患喉癌的危险。多因素分析显示文化程度高,经常食用酸菜、熏烤食品,吸烟患喉癌的风险较大,其OR值分别为15.502 0、7.268 0、2.904 0、8.012 0;而体育锻炼是喉癌发病的保护性因素,其OR值为0.408 0。结论:酸菜及熏烤食品的摄入、吸烟是喉癌的潜在危险因素,而适当的锻炼可能降低喉癌的发病风险。
Objective: To investigate the etiological characteristics of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang Province. Methods: To study the risk factors of laryngeal cancer in Heilongjiang Province by using the matched case-control method, and to perform the 1: 1 matching according to sex, age, urban-rural distribution. Data analysis using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: Univariate analysis showed that the students with high education, regular consumption of sauerkraut, smoked foods, processed meat products, less physical exercise, shorter working hours, smoking, aggressive personality and other factors may increase the risk of laryngeal cancer; regular consumption Fresh vegetables, whole grains, eggs, milk, regular physical activity can reduce the risk of laryngeal cancer. Multivariate analysis showed that a high degree of education, regular consumption of sauerkraut, smoked foods, smoking a greater risk of laryngeal cancer, the OR values were 15.502 0,7.268 0,2.904 0,8.012 0; and physical exercise is the incidence of laryngeal cancer Protective factors, the OR value of 0.408 0. Conclusion: The intake of sauerkraut and smoked grilled food and smoking are potential risk factors for laryngeal cancer, and appropriate exercise may reduce the risk of laryngeal cancer.