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目的 调查大学生人群甲型病毒性肝炎爆发流行前后抗 - HAV抗体水平的变化 ,探讨人群抗 - HAV的水平对甲肝流行的影响 ,为预测甲肝的爆发流行提供基础资料 .方法 对 1 997年西安某高校甲肝爆发流行进行流行病学调查 ,并对甲肝流行前后 2 5岁以下学生的抗 - HAV水平做了检测与分析 .结果 甲肝流行后学生抗 - HAV阳性率由流行时6 0 .5 %提高到 77.3% ,两者比较差异显著 (χ2 =1 1 .40 83,P=0 .0 0 0 7) .陕西学生的易感率为 2 0 .5 % ,非常明显低于外省(χ2 =7.436 3,P=0 .0 0 5 7) .农村学生的易感率明显低于城市学生 (χ2 =9.0 85 0 ,P=0 .0 0 2 5 ) .结论 结果提示 ,易感人群的增加可能是造成甲肝爆发流行的因素 ,而当人群抗体水平达到 80 % ,流行有可能被终止 .为了预防甲肝在高校中的流行 ,大学生中应进行甲肝计划免疫 .
Objective To investigate the changes of anti-HAV antibody levels before and after the outbreak of hepatitis A in college students and to explore the influence of anti-HAV levels on the prevalence of hepatitis A. To provide basic information for predicting the outbreak of hepatitis A. Methods The prevalence of hepatitis A in higher education was investigated by epidemiology and the levels of anti-HAV in students under 25 years old before and after hepatitis A were detected and analyzed.Results The prevalence of anti-HAV was increased from 60% to prevalence To 77.3%, there was significant difference between the two (χ2 = 1.143 83, P = 0.0707) .Shangxi’s susceptibility was 20.5%, which was significantly lower than that of other provinces (χ2 = 7.436 3, P = 0.0007) .The susceptibility of rural students was significantly lower than that of urban students (χ2 = 9.0850, P = 0.0255) .Conclusion The results suggest that the increase of susceptible population may be Is the cause of the epidemic of hepatitis A outbreak, and when the crowd antibody levels reached 80%, the epidemic may be terminated in order to prevent the epidemic of hepatitis A in colleges and universities, college students should be hepatitis A immunization program.