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[目的]探讨应用化学物混合物的全球化学品统一分类和标签系统(GHS)分类方法在工作场所化学毒物风险评价中的应用,为建立职业病危害风险评价和管理提供科学参考。[方法]根据某喷涂车间现场检测、职业卫生学调查资料,计算该喷涂车间各职业病危害化学有害因素导致的毒物危害指数,同时运用化学物混合物GHS分类方法对混合职业病危害化学有害因素导致毒物危害指数进行计算,比较两者结果。[结果]喷涂车间职业病危害化学有害因素为甲苯、二甲苯、乙苯、乙酸丁酯;各职业病危害化学有害因素导致的毒物危害指数依次为38、26、32、26,参照GBZ/T 229.2—2010,本喷涂车间职业危害化学有害因素导致的毒物危害指数为38,属中度职业危害;应用化学品混合物GHS分类方法计算,喷涂车间混合化学有害因素职业危害导致的毒物危害指数为42,属中度职业危害。[结论]两种方法判断的喷涂车间职业危害级别一致;化学品混合物GHS分类方法,可考虑应用于毒物职业危害风险评价中,但仍需建立更具体的评价指标体系。
[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the application of GHS classification method to the chemical poison risk assessment in the workplace by using chemical mixtures, and to provide a scientific reference for establishing the risk assessment and management of occupational disease hazards. [Method] Based on the field test and occupational hygiene survey data of a spraying workshop, the index of poison hazard caused by chemical hazards of occupational hazards in the spraying workshop was calculated. At the same time, the chemical hazard of mixed occupational diseases was harmed by the chemical hazard of mixed occupational diseases The index is calculated and the results of both are compared. [Results] The chemical harmful factors of occupational disease hazards in spraying workshop were toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and butyl acetate. The poison hazard index caused by the chemical harmful factors of occupational diseases were 38,26,32,26, according to GBZ / T 229.2- 2010, the occupational hazards of the spraying workshop chemical hazards of poison hazard index of 38, is a moderate occupational hazard; application of chemical mixture GHS classification method, spraying workshop mixed chemical hazards occupational hazards caused by poison hazard index 42 Moderate occupational hazards. [Conclusion] The occupational hazard levels of spraying workshop judged by the two methods are the same. The GHS classification of chemical mixtures can be considered in risk assessment of occupational hazards of toxicants, but more specific evaluation index system still needs to be established.