目的探讨超声电导经皮透药治疗包裹性结核性胸膜炎的临床疗效。方法选择西安市结核病胸部肿瘤医院2011年1月至2015年1月期间经胸膜活检确诊的包裹性结核性胸膜炎患者190例,按照完全随机法分为单纯化疗组(95例),化疗联合超声透药组(95例),超声电导组在全身化疗的基础上加用超声电导经皮透药治疗,观察治疗1、2、6个月三个时间点两组患者的症状改善情况、胸水吸收情况、胸膜肥厚情况、并发症及不良反应。结果治疗组第1个月、2个月和6个月时胸水吸收率为35.8%、61.1%和94.7%,对照组分别为18.9%,29.5%,89.5%,两组60天内胸水吸收的人数相比有显著差异(P<0.05),另外,治疗6个月时治疗组轻度肥厚50.5%,中度肥厚37.9%,重度肥厚11.6%,对照组分别为31.6%,40.0%,28.4%,两组统计学有显著差异(P<0.05)。两组并发症及不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义。结论超声电导经皮透药治疗包裹性结核性胸膜炎可以加快胸水吸收,减少胸膜肥厚,且不良反应小、安全有效,是一种新型给药途径。 Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous transdermal drug delivery in the treatment of tuberculous pleurisy. Methods Totally 190 tuberculous pleurisy patients diagnosed by pleural biopsy from January 2011 to January 2015 in Xi’an Tuberculosis and Thoracic Cancer Hospital were randomly divided into chemotherapy group (95 cases), chemotherapy combined with ultrasonography On the basis of systemic chemotherapy and ultrasound-guided percutaneous transdermal drug treatment, 95 cases of patients in the medicine group (95 cases) and the ultrasound-guided group were treated with ultrasonic conduction. The improvement of symptoms and the absorption of pleural fluid in the two groups at 1, 2 and 6 months of treatment were observed , Pleural hypertrophy, complications and adverse reactions. Results The pleural fluid absorption rates in the first month, the second month and the sixth month in the treatment group were 35.8%, 61.1% and 94.7%, respectively, while those in the control group were 18.9%, 29.5% and 89.5% (P <0.05). In addition, mild hypertrophy 50.5%, moderate hypertrophy 37.9%, severe hypertrophy 11.6% in the treatment group were 31.6%, 40.0% and 28.4% in the control group at 6 months of treatment, There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications and adverse reactions between the two groups. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transdermal drug treatment of tuberculous pleurisy can accelerate the absorption of pleural effusion, reduce pleural thickening, and the side effects of small, safe and effective, is a new route of administration.