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目的了解豫北地区婴幼儿轮状病毒(RV)腹泻的发病规律和RV血清型特征,为RV疫苗豫北区的应用提供流行病学资料。方法采用酶联免疫吸附试验、巢式反转录PCR,对2009年1-12月本院4岁以下住院和门诊腹泻患儿粪便标本进行RV抗原检测和血清型分型。结果 269份标本中男143例,女126例,共检出RV抗原阳性159份(阳性率59.2%)。其中男性阳性率70.63%(101/143例),女性阳性率46.03%(58/126例);RV腹泻患儿年龄在7～12月龄发病最多,为125例(46.46%);秋冬季(9-12月、1月)为RV腹泻病高峰季节,为189例(70.26%);对56份优势毒株进行G、P血清型分型,G3型43株(76.78%),G4型4株,G1型3株,G2型3株,G9型1株,未分型2株;P[8]型39株(69.64%),P[4]型10株(17.85%),未分型7株;组合型以G3P[8]型34株最多,G9P[8]型1株。结论 RV腹泻男性阳性率高于女性;发病年龄以7～12月龄最多;本年度G3型是主要流行毒株,组合型G3P[8]为流行优势株。
Objective To understand the pathogenesis of RV diarrhea and the characteristics of RV serotypes in the north of Henan Province and to provide epidemiological data for the application of RV vaccine in the north of Henan Province. Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detect RV antigen and serotypes of stool specimens from hospitalized and outpatient diarrhea children under 4 years old in our hospital from January to December in 2009. Results Among the 269 specimens, 143 were male and 126 were female. A total of 159 positive RV antigens were detected (positive rate 59.2%). The positive rate of males was 70.63% (101/143 cases), the positive rate of females was 46.03% (58/126 cases). The incidence of RV diarrhea was the highest in 7-12 months (125 cases, 46.46%); autumn and winter Ninety-one (70.96%) were susceptible to RV diarrhea during the peak season of RV diarrhea. The serotypes of G and P serotypes were 43 (76.78%) G4 and 4 3 strains of G1 type, 3 strains of G2 type, 1 strain of G9 type and 2 strains of untreated type, 39 strains (69.64%) of P [8] and 10 strains (17.85%) of P [4] 7 strains; the combination of G3P [8] type 34 the most, G9P [8] type 1 strain. Conclusions The positive rate of RV diarrhea in men is higher than that in women. The onset age is the most from 7 to 12 months old. This year G3 is the main epidemic strain, and the combined G3P [8] is the dominant predominant strain.