近多年来小麦锈病虽未在大面积流行,但条锈病在局部地区流行和小麦品种抗病性丧失问题依然存在。从小麦叶锈菌小种的动态来看,对重要抗源洛夫林10能致病的叶锈菌小种群,已由1975～1976年的0.36％上升到1990～1991年的79.2％,抗叶锈性丧失的潜在危险性是很大的。解决抗锈性丧失的最有效的办法是实行品种抗性基因多样化,这就要求开展抗性遗传研究。近年来本研究企图以基因鉴定来代替传统的小种鉴定的研究方法,下面将举实例说明遗传研究的重要性。实例1 我国小麦品种抗叶锈基因的单一化 Although wheat rust has not been popular in recent years for many years, the problem of the epidemic of stripe rust in some areas and the loss of disease resistance of wheat varieties still exists. From the dynamics of the wheat leaf rust races, the small population of leaf rust of pathogenic Lovrin 10, an important source of resistance, increased from 0.36% in 1975 ~ 1976 to 79.2% in 1990 ~ 1991 The potential risk of leaf rust loss is substantial. The most effective way to deal with the loss of rust resistance is to carry out the diversification of resistance genes, which requires genetic research on resistance. In recent years, this study attempts to replace the traditional germplasm identification method with genetic identification, the following will give an example to illustrate the importance of genetic research. Example 1 The monoclonification of the leaf rust resistance genes of wheat cultivars in China