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牙本质基质蛋白1(dentin matrix protein 1,DMP1)是一种高度磷酸化的偏酸性非胶原蛋白,属于小整合素结合配体N端连接糖蛋白(small integrin-binding ligand,N-linked glycoprotein,SIBLINGs)家族.和SIBLINGs家族其它成员一样,DMP1基因定位于人类染色体4q21.除存在于牙组织外,该蛋白还普遍分布于骨组织中.在骨组织与细胞中已发现4种DMP1的主要存在形式,即全长DMP1、57 kD C-DMP1、37 kD N-DMP1、DMP1-PG.它们的分布与功能均不相同,但对骨的正常形成均有重要意义.DMP1的氨基酸序列拥有大量的酸性结构域,携带负电荷,与钙离子有较强的结合能力.它在体外能够促进羟基磷灰石形成,并调控细胞分化,在体内参与硬组织的矿化过程.另外,DMP1的水解过程对其调控矿化的功能十分关键.人体内DMP1基因的突变可导致常染色体隐性低血磷性佝偻病.本文就近几年对DMP1基因结构与调控、蛋白结构与代谢、在骨组织与细胞中的分布及其对骨形成调控作用的研究进展作一综述.
Dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) is a highly phosphorylated, acidic, non-collagenous protein belonging to the small integrin-binding ligand (N-linked glycoprotein, SIBLINGs) family. Like the rest of the SIBLINGs family, the DMP1 gene is located on human chromosome 4q21, which is commonly found in bone tissue, in addition to its presence in tissues. The main presence of four DMP1s has been found in bone tissue and cells The full-length DMP1, 57 kD C-DMP1, 37 kD N-DMP1, DMP1-PG. Their distribution and function are different, but they are important for the normal formation of bone.DMP1 amino acid sequence has a large number of Acidic domain, carrying a negative charge, with strong binding capacity of calcium ions.It can promote the formation of hydroxyapatite and regulate cell differentiation in vitro, in the body involved in the mineralization of hard tissue.In addition, the hydrolysis of DMP1 Its regulation of mineralization is crucial.DMP1 gene mutations in the human body can lead to autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets.This article in recent years the DMP1 gene structure and regulation, protein structure and metabolism, in the bone group Progress distribution and regulation of bone formation cells and reviewed.