目的验证血清特异性IgM抗体检测对急性日本血吸虫病的早期诊断价值。方法采用IgM-ELISA方法检测感染血吸虫的小鼠和急性血吸虫病人血清中的特异性IgM抗体水平,与IgG-ELISA相比较,并与急性血吸虫病人的流行病学调查资料相比对。结果感染4周时小鼠血清中特异性IgM抗体水平显著升高,5周时阳性检出率达100%,比IgG-ELISA提早2~3周。检测急性血吸虫病人血清阳性率达100%,IgG-ELISA为91.4%。急血病人接触疫水后5周,特异性IgM抗体水平明显高于IgG。7周时两者水平相近,8周时IgG抗体水平超过IgM。结论IgM-ELISA具有早期诊断急性血吸虫病的价值。 Objective To verify the value of serum specific IgM antibody in the early diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis japonica. Methods IgM-ELISA was used to detect the serum levels of specific IgM antibodies in mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum and in acute schistosomiasis patients, compared with IgG-ELISA and compared with the epidemiological data of acute schistosomiasis patients. Results The serum level of specific IgM was significantly increased at 4 weeks after infection. The positive rate was 100% at 5 weeks, which was 2 to 3 weeks earlier than that of IgG-ELISA. Seroprevalence of patients with acute schistosomiasis detection rate of 100%, IgG-ELISA was 91.4%. Five weeks after exposure to water, the level of specific IgM antibody was significantly higher than that of IgG. At 7 weeks the levels were similar, with IgG antibody levels exceeding IgM at 8 weeks. Conclusion IgM-ELISA has the value of early diagnosis of acute schistosomiasis.