目的　探讨热性惊厥小儿的复发情况与远期预后。方法　对 2 81例首次发作的热性惊厥患儿采用问卷调查、清醒脑电图描记及智力测定进行 3～ 10a的远期随访。结果　 39.5 %复发 ,45 .0 5 %有 1次以上多次复发。6 2 .16 %再次发作发生在首发后 1a内 ,92 .79%在 2a内。4.2 7%转为癫痫 ,2 .14%后遗智力低下 ,无 1例死亡。结论　热性惊厥预后良好 ,其复发与首发年龄、首次复发距首发的时间、阳性家族史有关 ,而与首发类型、族别无关。热性惊厥的复发次数及阳性家族史均为其继发癫痫的危险因素 Objective To investigate the recurrence and long-term prognosis of children with febrile seizures. Methods A total of 2 81 infants with febrile seizures were followed up for 3 ~ 10 years by questionnaire, sober EEG and intelligence test. Results 39.5% recurrence, 45.0% had more than one recurrence. 62.16% of recurrent episodes occurred in the first la after 1a, 92.79% in 2a. 4.2 7% into epilepsy, 2.14% left behind mental retardation, no one death. Conclusions The febrile seizure has a good prognosis. The recurrence is related to the initial age, the first recurrence from the first episode, the positive family history, but not the initial type and ethnicity. The number of relapsing and positive family history of febrile seizures were the risk factors of their secondary epilepsy