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生态单元制图是通过对区域遥感信息的解译及与现场调查信息的叠合,得到可视性较强的生态信息图谱,是将景观生态学成果应用到城乡规划中的一条有效途径。生态单元制图如何与中国城乡规划编制相衔接,提供专业、可靠的基础性研究成果,是本文期待解决的主要问题。提出了将城市所有用地类型都作为研究对象的“本土化”和“城市化”的生态单元分类方法,完成了符合我国《城市用地分类与建设用地标准》的生态单元制图分类系统(9大类37小类)及其景观生态学指数分析;通过绿地率、建筑密度、乔木树冠覆盖度、植物物种丰富度等各单项指标进行分层及叠加综合评价制图,科学全面地识别不同用地的生态价值。认为可以通过提出诸如各类城市用地的附属绿地的面积、容积率高低、建筑退让范围、大乔木的保护措施等具体细致的规划要求,来保护及调整城市用地内部的绿地面积及植被丰富度、乔木的覆盖度等生态指标,确保重要的城镇自然系统在城市开发过程中不受冲击,以及如何实现我国城市绿地的“精明增长”等后续研究方向。
Ecosystem mapping is an effective way of applying landscape ecology findings to urban and rural planning through the interpretation of the regional remote sensing information and the overlaying with the field survey information to obtain the highly visible eco-information map. How eco-unit mapping links up with China’s urban and rural planning and provides professional and reliable basic research results is the main issue that this paper is looking forward to to solve. Proposed the ecological unit classification method of “localization ” and “urbanization ” that takes all the urban land types as the research object and completed the ecological unit cartographic classification system which conforms to the standard of “urban land classification and construction land” in China (9 categories and 37 sub-categories) and their landscape ecological index analysis. Through the comprehensive evaluation and mapping of individual indexes such as green space rate, building density, tree canopy coverage and plant species richness, The ecological value of land. It is considered that the green area and vegetation richness in urban land can be protected and adjusted by putting forward detailed and detailed planning requirements such as the area of afforestation green space, the volume rate of buildings, the concession scope of buildings and the protection measures of arbor to various kinds of urban land, Tree coverage and other ecological indicators to ensure that the important urban natural system in the city development process from impact and how to achieve China’s urban green space “smart growth ” and other follow-up research directions.