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目的了解2012年北京市房山区初中生与高中生饮食行为现状及差异,为制定相应干预措施提供科学依据。方法抽取北京市房山区中学生共1 710名,采用“北京市青少年健康相关行为调查问卷”进行调查。结果北京市房山区高中生大量喝饮料、在西式快餐店、路边摊用餐和偏食等不健康饮食行为的报告率(30.1%、1.4%、4.5%、42.2%)高于初中生(22.0%、0.3%、0.8%、32.4%);初中生每天吃新鲜水果、蔬菜和每天吃早餐、喝一杯牛奶等健康饮食行为的报告率(53.2%、80.0%、71.4%、30.7%)高于高中生(35.0%、34.6%、21.0%、19.0%)。母亲文化程度越高,初中生健康饮食行为越多,不健康饮食行为越少;高中生母亲文化程度越高,无论健康还是不健康饮食行为也越多。结论该区中学生学段越高不健康饮食行为越多,母亲的文化程度对初中生和高中生存在不同的影响。
Objective To understand the current situation and differences of dietary behaviors of junior high school students and high school students in Fangshan District of Beijing in 2012 and to provide a scientific basis for formulating the corresponding intervention measures. Methods A total of 1 710 middle school students in Fangshan district of Beijing were collected and investigated using the “Beijing Health Survey on Youth Related Questions”. Results The reported rates of high school students in Fangshan District, Beijing, who drink a lot of drinks, were unhealthy eating behaviors such as western fast food shops, street vendors and partial eaters were higher than those of junior high school students (22.0%, 1.4%, 4.5%, 42.2% (53.2%, 80.0%, 71.4%, 30.7%) of junior high school students eating fresh fruits and vegetables everyday, eating breakfast every day, drinking a cup of milk and other healthy eating behaviors were higher than those of high school students (35.0%, 34.6%, 21.0%, 19.0%). The higher the educational level of mothers, the more healthy eating behavior of junior high school students, the less unhealthy eating behavior; the higher the education level of high school mothers, the more healthy or unhealthy eating behavior. Conclusion The higher unhealthy eating behavior of middle school students in this area, the different educational level of mothers have different effects on junior middle school students and high school students.