前言中华医学会儿科学分会呼吸学组和《中华儿科杂志》编辑委员会于1999年和2001年分别制定了小儿急性呼吸道感染抗生素合理使用指南的上、下部分,这是从学术团体的角度出发,规范小儿急性呼吸道感染抗生素合理使用的一个指导性文件。该指南下部分的主要内容是小儿肺炎抗生素的合理使用,但小儿肺炎还涉及病原学、临床特征、病情严重度评估和住院指征、一般治疗和对症治疗、抗病原微生物治疗以及肺炎的预防等,这同样值得关注,也亟待规范。为此,我们在循证基础上充分讨论并制定了本指南。 Preface The Respiratory Science Section of the Pediatrics of Chinese Medical Association and the Editorial Board of China Pediatrics published the upper and lower parts of the guidelines for the rational use of antibiotics in pediatric acute respiratory infections in 1999 and 2001 respectively. This is from the academic community perspective. A guiding document regulating the rational use of antibiotics in pediatric acute respiratory infections. The bottom part of the guideline is about the rational use of pediatric pneumonia antibiotics, but pediatric pneumonia is also involved in etiology, clinical features, disease severity assessment and hospitalization indications, general and symptomatic treatment, anti-pathogenic microbes and pneumonia prevention And so on, which are also worth attention and are in urgent need of standardization. To this end, we have fully discussed and developed this guide on the basis of evidence.