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本文首先简要梳理了我国学界普遍认为的体现公平责任的法律条款,然后对该责任原则在司法实践中的具体适用状况一查究竟。收集大量司法实务中适用《民法通则》第1 32条和《侵权责任法》第24条的案件,并对这些案件进行归纳,作出类型化的总结。抛开理论上的既有成见,肯定有的司法适用的可取之处,指出有的实务做法的不当之处。从中读者可以看到公平责任的司法适用状况其实大大偏离于法律明文规定的情形,它在司法实践中被广泛适用于各类型的案件,着实焕发了生命力,成为解决很多疑难问题的利剑。大大突破了我国学界所热议的其是否属于《侵权责任法》的归责原则,是否具有独立地位的讨论,简单来说,它的司法适用状况完全扭转了其在学界不受待见的尴尬处境。
This article first briefly reviews the legal provisions which are generally accepted by our country as reflecting fair responsibility, and then examines the specific application of this principle of responsibility in judicial practice. Collect a large number of judicial practice, “Civil Code” Article 32 and “Tort Liability Act” Article 24 cases, and to summarize these cases, to make a type of summary. Put aside the existing stereotypes in theory, and certainly have the merits of judicial application, pointing out the inadequacies of some practical methods. The readers can see that the judicial application of fair responsibility deviates greatly from the situation stipulated by the law. It is widely applied to various types of cases in judicial practice and has indeed vitality and become a sword to solve many difficult problems. Greatly exceeded the hot debate in our academic circles whether it belongs to the “tort liability law” of the principle of attribution, whether or not to have an independent status of the discussion, simply, its judicial status completely reversed in the academic community is not waiting to see the embarrassment Situation.