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经过30多年的探索和发展,我国城镇住房制度成功地由住房实物分配的福利体制转向了住房配置货币化的市场模式,客观来看,这项改革取得了一定成就。通过回顾这一历程发现住房制度改革提高了城镇居民居住质量、提高了住房市场化和社会化程度、促进了房地产业的发展、初步建立了住房保障体系,但也存在改革目标与改革手段混淆、中低收入家庭住房问题突出、住房不公平程度加剧、社会为住房改革付出沉重代价和市场化程度过度的偏差。最后提出综合制定房地产政策并实行普通商品住宅限价限购、进一步完善住房保障体系、政府加强住房消费引导等政策建议。
After more than 30 years of exploration and development, China’s housing system in cities and towns has been successfully transformed from the welfare system of physical distribution of housing to the market model of housing allocation monetization. From an objective point of view, this reform has made some achievements. By reviewing this process, we found that the reform of the housing system has improved the living quality of urban residents, improved the housing market and socialization, promoted the development of the real estate industry, and initially established a housing security system. However, there are also confusion between reform goals and reform measures, The housing problems of low-income families are prominent, the housing unfairness is aggravated, and society is paying a heavy price for housing reform and excessive deviation of marketization. Finally, it puts forward some policy recommendations such as comprehensively formulating real estate policies and implementing common commercial housing price limits, further improving the housing security system, and strengthening government guidance on housing consumption.