焊接残余应力是影响钢圈尺寸稳定性的重要因素。本文运用焊接有限元分析软件Visual-Weld,通过建立轴对称的非线性热弹塑性计算模型,对某型号汽车钢圈进行了焊接残余应力数值模拟,获得了焊接温度场及焊接残余应力的分布规律,并利用X-350A射线残余应力测定仪对钢圈试验件进行焊接残余应力检测。结果表明,数值计算值与实测结果基本吻合,从而验证了有限元分析模型的准确性,为后续的模型改进及优化焊接工艺提供了理论依据和参考。 Welding residual stress is an important factor affecting the dimensional stability of the steel ring. In this paper, the welding finite element analysis software Visual-Weld was used to simulate the residual stress of a certain type of automotive steel ring by establishing the axisymmetric nonlinear thermo-elasto-plastic calculation model. The distribution of welding temperature field and welding residual stress was obtained , And the use of X-350A ray residual stress tester steel ring test pieces for welding residual stress testing. The results show that the calculated values ​​are in good agreement with the measured results, which verifies the accuracy of the finite element analysis model and provides a theoretical basis and reference for the subsequent model improvement and optimization of the welding process.