目的:探讨孕早期不同类型心理社会应激与先天性心脏病的关系,为先天性心脏病的预防提供依据。方法:使用自编调查问卷,对86例先天性心脏病患儿和按照1∶2原则匹配性别、年龄、出生地选择的172例正常对照儿童的母亲分别进行面对面问卷调查。使用SPSS 10.0统计学软件进行统计分析。结果:孕早期总负性心理社会应激性生活事件数量在文化程度低的孕妇中高于文化程度较高的孕妇,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。先天性心脏病主要为房间隔缺损(41.9%)和室间隔缺损(33.7%)。孕早期急性负性心理社会应激性生活事件数量先天性心脏病组高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:孕早期急性负性心理社会应激可能对子代先天性心脏病的发病影响更大,文化程度较低的孕妇群体更加应该引起关注。 Objective: To explore the relationship between different types of psychosocial stress and congenital heart disease in early pregnancy, and to provide basis for the prevention of congenital heart disease. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to conduct a face-to-face questionnaire survey on 86 mothers of children with congenital heart disease and 172 normal controls selected according to the 1: 2 principle by sex, age and place of birth. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 10.0 statistical software. Results: The number of total negative psychological and social stressful life events in early pregnancy was significantly higher in pregnant women with lower education level than in pregnant women with higher education level (P <0.05). Congenital heart disease mainly atrial septal defect (41.9%) and ventricular septal defect (33.7%). The number of stressful life events in early pregnancy negative acute psychological community was higher in congenital heart disease group than in control group, with significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: Acute negative psychosocial stress in early pregnancy may have a greater impact on the incidence of congenital heart disease in offspring. More pregnant women with lower educational level should pay more attention.