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目的分析2008—2010年大连市部分用人单位工作场所职业病危害因素的检测情况。方法收集2008—2010年大连市部分用人单位工作场所的职业病危害因素(粉尘、化学因素、物理因素)的检测数据,对检测点的合格率进行统计学分析,比较不同类型企业及不同种类的职业病危害因素的检测情况。结果 2008—2010年累计检测接害点数6 084点,检测点的平均合格率为89.0%,3年来检测合格率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.273,P>0.05);不同生产规模的企业比较,大、中、小型企业检测点的平均合格率分别为91.0%、84.8%、93.3%,3年来小型企业的检测合格率最高,中型企业的最低(χ2=23.361、24.077、32.919,均P<0.01);不同经济类型企业比较,外商独资企业的检测合格率最低,平均合格率为82.3%;不同种类职业病危害因素的比较,粉尘、化学因素、物理因素的平均合格率分别为94.6%、96.2%、79.9%,其中粉尘和化学因素的合格率较高,物理因素的合格率最低,而作为主要的物理因素,噪声的合格率逐年升高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.520,P=0.014),平均合格率仅为79.2% 有关部门应加强对中型企业和外商独资企业的监督管理,重视噪声的治理工作,将职业卫生工作贯彻落实到实处。
Objective To analyze the detection of occupational hazards in the workplace of some employers in Dalian from 2008 to 2010. Methods The data of occupational hazards (dust, chemical factors, physical factors) in the workplace of some employers in Dalian from 2008 to 2010 were collected and statistically analyzed. The differences between different types of enterprises and different kinds of occupational diseases Detection of hazardous factors. Results In 2008-2010, the cumulative detection points were 6 084 points, the average passing rate of test points was 89.0%, and there was no significant difference in passing rate in 3 years (χ2 = 2.273, P> 0.05). Compared with enterprises with different production scales The average passing rate of large, medium and small-sized enterprises was 91.0%, 84.8% and 93.3% respectively. The detection rate of small-sized enterprises was the highest in three years and the lowest in medium-sized enterprises (χ2 = 23.361,24.077,32.919, P < 0.01). Compared with enterprises of different economic types, the qualified rate of foreign-owned enterprises was the lowest, with an average passing rate of 82.3%. The average passing rates of dust, chemical and physical factors were 94.6% and 96.2% respectively for different types of occupational hazards % And 79.9%, respectively. Among them, the passing rate of dust and chemical factors is higher, and the passing rate of physical factors is the lowest. As the main physical factors, the passing rate of noise increases year by year with a significant difference (χ2 = 8.520, P = 0.014), with an average passing rate of only 79.2%. Relevant departments should strengthen the supervision and management of medium-sized enterprises and wholly foreign-owned enterprises, attach importance to the management of noise, and implement the occupational health work in real earnest.