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目的 探讨健康自评 (SRH)与老年人健康的关系。方法 1992年在北京城乡各随机抽取 1个区 县后 ,再采取分层、分段及整群抽样的方法抽取 5 5岁以上老年人 3 15 7名进行研究 ,并于1994、1997和 2 0 0 0年随访。结果 基线调查结果显示 ,SRH受年龄、性别、婚姻状态、教育水平和经济满意度的影响 ;SRH一般和不良老年人的慢性病总患病率以及脑血管病、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病和骨关节疾病患病率均明显高于SRH良好老年人。从 1992～ 2 0 0 0年 8年间共 993人死亡 ,SRH是老年人死亡的危险因素 ,SRH一般与不良者总死亡的危险分别高于SRH良好者 12 % (HR =1.12 ,95 %CI :0 .93～ 1.3 5 )和 5 3 % (HR =1.5 3 ,95 %CI :1.2 5～ 1.88) ,在控制混杂因素〔年龄、性别、地区 (城 乡 )、婚姻状态、教育水平、近一年就医次数和住院次数、患慢性病、日常生活自理能力、体重指数、认知功能、抑郁〕、剔除随访 1年和 3年内死亡者后 ,上述趋势依然存在。与SRH良好者相比 ,SRH不良者脑卒中和心脏病死亡的危险分别增加了 2 .2 5倍 (HR =2 .2 5 ,95 %CI:1.67～ 3 .0 4)和 2 .2 2倍 (HR =2 .2 2 ,95 %CI :1.61～ 3 .0 7)。结论 SRH与各种常见的老年慢性病患病率有关 ,同时又是预报死亡的独立危险因素 ,提示在老年卫生保健工作?
Objective To investigate the relationship between health self-assessment (SRH) and the health of the elderly. Methods A total of 1 15 counties were randomly selected from urban and rural areas in Beijing in 1992, and stratified, segmented and cluster sampling methods were used to extract 3 15 7 elderly people over 5 years old. The study was conducted in 1994, 1997 and 20 0 0 years follow-up. Results The results of the baseline survey showed that SRH was affected by age, gender, marital status, educational level and economic satisfaction. The overall prevalence of chronic diseases and the prevalence of chronic diseases, as well as cerebrovascular diseases, heart diseases, respiratory diseases and osteoarthritis in SRH general and poor elderly people The prevalence of disease were significantly higher than that of SRH elders. A total of 993 deaths occurred during the eight years from 1992 to 2000. SRH was a risk factor for death in the elderly. The overall risk of death from SRH was higher than that of those with good SRH by 12% (HR = 1.12, 95% CI: (Ranged from 0.93 to 1.3 5) and 53% (HR 1.53, 95% CI 1.2 5 to 1.88) in the control of confounding factors (age, gender, region (urban and rural), marital status, education level, The number of hospitalizations and number of hospitalizations, chronic diseases, self-care ability of daily living, body mass index, cognitive function, depression). After the deaths were followed up for 1 year and 3 years, the above trend still existed. Compared with those with good SRH, the risk of death from stroke and heart disease was significantly increased by 2.55 times (HR = 2.55, 95% CI: 1.67 to 3.04) and 2.22 Times (HR = 2.222, 95% CI: 1.61 ~ 3.07). Conclusions SRH is associated with the prevalence of various common chronic diseases in old people and is also an independent risk factor for predicting death, suggesting that SRH should work in elderly health care.