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针对挖掘机主要机械臂应力动态计算困难的问题,综合虚拟样机技术、有限元和动力学理论,采用模态缩减法柔性化动臂和斗杆,建立挖掘机刚柔耦合模型,实现了挖掘机模拟实际工况的动力学分析。求解了挖掘机机械臂动态应力特性及液压缸负载情况,结果表明,静力学分析存在局限性,综合考虑运动状态与负载的动力学分析能更精确计算危险工况时应力分布。动臂最大应力值为107.7MPa,斗杆最大应力值为40 MPa。该研究为类似机构的结构优化、疲劳分析和振动抑制提供参考。
Aiming at the difficulty of calculating the dynamic stress in the main mechanical arm of excavator, by combining the virtual prototype technology, the finite element method and the dynamic theory, the modal reduction method is adopted to flexibly boom and stick to establish the rigid-flexible coupling model of the excavator, Dynamic Analysis of Simulated Actual Working Conditions. The dynamic stress characteristics of the excavator manipulator and the load of the hydraulic cylinder are solved. The results show that there are some limitations in the statics analysis. The stress distribution in the dangerous working conditions can be more accurately calculated considering the dynamic state of the excavator and the dynamic analysis of the load. The maximum boom stress is 107.7MPa and the maximum stick stress is 40 MPa. This study provides a reference for the structural optimization, fatigue analysis and vibration suppression of similar institutions.