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目的对突发强声刺激下神经肌肉活动潜伏期及其较之意识反应的时间优势进行研究,探讨刺激强度变化对该优势的影响。方法实验一:以110 dB强声低调纯音刺激诱发神经肌肉活动,通过表面肌电技术考察突发性强刺激下神经肌肉活动相对于意识反应的潜伏期及其时间优势;实验二:在实验一结果的基础上,测定不同强声刺激(90 dB,100 dB,110 dB)对诱发神经肌肉活动影响的变化。结果 1)当背景刺激为55～60 dB,诱发刺激为110 dB时,突发强声刺激条件下神经肌肉的反应潜伏期显著快于意识反应活动,时间优势可达1178 ms。2)90 dB组、100 dB组、110 dB组下产生惊跳反射的受试者人数存在显著差异(P<0.01),但3组间的反应潜伏期、最大振幅及时间优势效应、干扰效应没有显著差异(P>0.01)。结论 1)突发刺激下神经肌肉活动具有显著时间优势,且会对当前的任务造成干扰;2)突发强声刺激对机体意识反应活动的干扰效应有随刺激强度增强而增大的趋势,但神经肌肉反应的时间优势效应量以及神经肌肉反应的幅度不受刺激强度的影响。
Objective To study the temporal predominance of neuromuscular latency and its conscious response under sudden strong acoustic stimulation and to explore the influence of stimulus intensity on this advantage. Methods Experiment 1: Induced neuromuscular activity with strong sound and low-key tone of 110 dB, and investigated the latent period and time advantage of neuromuscular activity relative to conscious reaction by surface electromyography. Experiment 2: In the first experiment The changes of neuromuscular activity induced by different strong acoustic stimuli (90 dB, 100 dB, 110 dB) were measured. Results 1) When the background stimulus was 55-60 dB and the induced stimulus was 110 dB, the response latency of neuromuscular stimulation was significantly faster than that of conscious reaction under sudden strong acoustic stimulation, with a time advantage of 1178 ms. 2) There was a significant difference (P <0.01) in the number of subjects who developed reflexes at 90 dB, 100 dB, and 110 dB groups, but the response latency, maximum amplitude and time predominance among the three groups were not significant Significant difference (P> 0.01). Conclusions 1) Neuromuscular activity under sudden stimulation has significant time advantage and will cause interference to the current task; 2) The interference effect of sudden strong acoustic stimulation on the body’s awareness reaction activity tends to increase with the stimulation intensity, However, the temporal predominant effect of the neuromuscular response and the magnitude of the neuromuscular response are not affected by the intensity of the stimulus.