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为了明确云岭牛不同解剖部位肉的品质特性,本试验测定了云岭牛冈上肌(SU)、冈下肌(IF)、臀三头肌(TB)、菱形肌(RH)、颈腹侧锯肌(SVC)、夹肌(SP),中部胴体的腰大肌(PM)、背最长肌(LD)、背阔肌(LA),后部胴体的半膜肌(SM)、半腱肌(ST)、股二头肌(BF)、臀中肌(GM)、股直肌(RF)、股外侧肌(VL)和阔筋膜张肌(TFL)共16个解剖部位肉的压力失水率、蒸煮损失、剪切力、pH、亮度(L*)、红度(a*)、黄度(b*)、粗蛋白质、脂肪、水分10项品质指标,并通过方差分析、相关性分析和标准化分析研究其品质特性。结果显示,云岭牛不同解剖部位肉之间的10项品质指标均存在显著差异(P<0.05)。冈上肌、冈下肌、腰大肌、颈腹侧锯肌和阔筋膜张肌的嫩度较好,其剪切力均低于4kg。夹肌、半腱肌和股外侧肌的保水性较差,半腱肌的L*值最高。相关性分析结果表明,剪切力和压力失水率、蒸煮损失呈显著正相关。标准化分析发现,背最长肌和半腱肌具有相似的品质特征;股二头肌、臀中肌和股外侧肌具有相似的品质特征。结果表明,部位因素对云岭牛肉品质具有显著影响,云岭牛胴体前部肉品质较好,可以作为开发高档产品的原料来源。
In order to clarify the quality characteristics of meat in different anatomical parts of Yunling cattle, the test was performed on the muscles of the superior muscles (SU), subcontinent (IF), trisomy (TB), rhomboid (RH) SVC, SP, PM of the middle carcass, LD, LD, SM of the carcass, A total of 16 anatomical parts of the meat of the tendon (ST), biceps femoris (BF), middle gluteal muscle (GM), rectus femoris (RF), lateral femoral muscle (VL) 10 indicators of water loss, pressure loss, cooking loss, shear stress, pH, L *, a *, b *, crude protein, fat and water, Correlation analysis and standardization analysis of its quality characteristics. The results showed that there were significant differences in 10 quality indexes between different anatomical parts of Yunling cattle (P <0.05). Supraspinatus, supraspinatus, psoas muscle, cervical ventral saw muscle and fascia latae tenderness is better, the shear force are less than 4kg. Muscle, semitendinosus and lateral femoral muscle water retention is poor, semilunar muscle L * the highest value. Correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between shear stress and pressure loss rate and cooking loss. Standardized analysis found that the dorsal longus muscle and semitendinosus had similar quality characteristics; the biceps femoris, gluteus medius, and femoral lateralis had similar quality characteristics. The results showed that the location factors had a significant impact on the quality of Yunling beef and the quality of meat in the front of Yunling cattle was good, which could be used as the raw material source for developing high-end products.