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丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染不仅是造成慢性肝病的主要原因,同时也是部分国家和地区肝细胞肝癌(HCC)的主要病因。HCV的结构特点和生命周期的规律使感染易转为慢性化,病毒通过其基因组编码的若干蛋白使肝细胞发生转化。在此过程中,肝脏反复发生的损伤和修复、肝纤维化和肝硬化是HCC发生过程中的几个关键阶段。反应性氧分子家族的作用和HCV感染造成肝细胞基因的遗传损伤可能是导致肝细胞癌变的重要机制。运用体外细胞转染方法和转基因动物模型研究HCV-HCC发病机制已取得一定进展,并将成为研究的主要手段。
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not only the main cause of chronic liver disease, but also a major cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in some countries and regions. The structural features of the HCV and the laws of the life cycle make the infection more likely to be chronic, and the virus converts the hepatocytes through several proteins encoded by its genome. During this process, repeated injury and repair of the liver, liver fibrosis and cirrhosis are the key stages in the development of HCC. The role of reactive oxygen species and the genetic damage caused by HCV infection in hepatocytes may be an important mechanism leading to hepatocellular carcinoma. The use of in vitro cell transfection methods and transgenic animal models to study the pathogenesis of HCV-HCC has made some progress, and will become the main means of research.