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目的探讨胎儿下颌畸形的产前超声表现、检查技巧及临床意义,提高此类畸形的产前检出率。方法对山东省枣庄矿业集团中心医院常规产前筛查或在外院超声检查发现其他异常来我科会诊的胎儿颜面部进行常规多切面扫查。先通过二维超声正中矢状切面主观目测是否存在下颌发育畸形,同时对可疑病例进行颜面部的冠状面及横切面补充扫查,仔细测量下颌骨前后径,并与双顶径进行比较,然后启动三维表面重建成像协助明确产前诊断。所有经产前超声诊断的患者均经引产后证实。结果产前共检出下颌发育畸形胎儿11例,其中小下颌畸形9例,下颌骨缺失2例。结论产前二维超声可以明确诊断胎儿下颌发育畸形,正中矢状切面是诊断此类畸形的首选切面;颜面部三维表面成像具有空间立体显像优势,可全面、直观地再现颜面结构的外形及细部缺陷,是提高胎儿颜面畸形诊断准确度的有效辅助手段。
Objective To investigate the prenatal ultrasound manifestations, examination skills and clinical significance of fetal mandibular deformity to improve the prenatal detection rate of such deformities. Methods The routine prenatal screening of Zaozhuang Mining Group Central Hospital in Shandong Province or other anomalies found in the outer hospital by ultrasound examination were performed to conduct routine multi-slice scanning on the fetus facial department of our department. First of all, subjective visual inspection of two-dimensional ultrasonic sagittal plane subjective visualization of the mandibular developmental deformity, while suspicious cases of facial and coronal and transverse section of the supplementary scan, carefully measure the mandible anterior and posterior diameter, and biparietal diameter were compared, and then Initiation of three-dimensional surface reconstruction imaging helps clarify prenatal diagnosis. All patients diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound confirmed after induction of labor. Results Prenatal detection of mandibular malformation fetus in 11 cases, including 9 cases of small mandibular malformation, mandibular loss in 2 cases. Conclusions Prenatal two-dimensional ultrasound can diagnose fetal mandibular dysplasia. The median sagittal plane is the first choice for diagnosis of such deformities. The three-dimensional facial imaging of facial features has the advantage of spatial stereoscopic imaging and can fully and directly reproduce the appearance of facial structures and Detailed defects, is to improve the accuracy of fetal facial deformity diagnosis of ancillary means.