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通过理论推导确定了影响ZL205A铝合金淬透性及残余应力的因素,采用ANSYS有限元软件进行模拟分析。结果表明:常温下,换热系数小于9000 W.m-2.℃-1时,提高换热系数能够显著提高厚板心部冷却能力;当换热系数超过9000 W.m-2.℃-1增大时,心部冷却效果不再显著提升;残余应力随着厚度增大而增大,但厚度超过100 mm后不再显著变化;淬火结束后表面上残余应力主要集中在厚度方向的表面,进一步研究该表面的残余应力分布可以更好改善材料性能;通过改变换热系数及板材设计厚度是改善铝合金厚板淬透性及控制残余应力的关键。
The factors affecting the hardenability and residual stress of ZL205A aluminum alloy were determined by theoretical derivation, and the ANSYS finite element software was used for simulation analysis. The results show that when the heat transfer coefficient is less than 9000 Wm-2. ℃ -1 at room temperature, increasing the heat transfer coefficient can significantly improve the core cooling capacity. When the heat transfer coefficient exceeds 9000 Wm-2. ℃ -1, , The cooling effect of the heart no longer increases significantly; the residual stress increases with the increase of the thickness, but does not change significantly when the thickness exceeds 100 mm. The residual stress on the surface after quenching mainly concentrates on the surface of the thickness direction. Surface residual stress distribution can better improve the material properties; by changing the heat transfer coefficient and plate design thickness is to improve the hardenability of aluminum alloy plate and control the key to residual stress.