清华大学绝经后女性教师７５名，均分为３组，进行了为期６个月的对比实验，运动组实施健骨运动处方，运动+钙剂组在健骨运动的同时补充钙剂，对照组日常生活不变。实验前后骨代谢生化标志物比较结果表明：（１）运动前后血液骨矿生化成分变化较为恒定，其稳定性对骨代谢起着重要的作用。（２）运动对骨形成生化标志物略有影响。实验前后比较，对照组的血清骨钙素（ＢＧＰ）和血清碱性磷酸酶（ＡＬＰ）基本无变化，运动组和运动＋钙组的数值是略增趋势（Ｐ＞０．０５）。（３）运动对骨吸收生化标志物的影响较大。实验前后比较，对照组的血抗酒石酸盐酸性磷酸酶（ＴＲＡＰ）、尿钙／肌酐（Ｃａ／Ｃｒ）、尿羟脯氨酸／肝酐（ＨＯＰ／Ｃｒ）均升高；而运动组的三项生化指标均下降，且具统计学显著性意义（Ｐ＜０．０５）；运动＋钙组的变化幅度大于运动组。研究认为运动对绝经后女性骨量的维持作用主要在于抑制了骨代谢的骨吸收过程，运动配合钙剂补充的效应大于单纯健骨运动。 A total of 75 postmenopausal female teachers in Tsinghua University were divided into three groups. The six-month comparative experiment was conducted. The exercise group was given the prescription of bone-strengthening exercise. The exercise + calcium group was supplemented with calcium while the bone-strengthening exercise was performed. The control group Daily life unchanged. The results of biochemical markers of bone metabolism before and after the experiment showed that: (1) The changes of biochemical composition of blood bone mineral before and after exercise were relatively constant, and their stability played an important role in bone metabolism. (2) Exercise has a slight effect on biochemical markers of bone formation. The levels of serum BGP and ALP in the control group were almost unchanged before and after the experiment, while those in the exercise group and the exercise + calcium group increased slightly (P> 0.05). (3) exercise on the biochemical markers of bone absorption greater impact. The levels of TRAP, Ca / Cr and HOP / Cr in the control group were increased before and after the experiment. In the exercise group, the levels of TRAP, (P <0.05). The changes of exercise + calcium group were greater than those of exercise group. The study suggests that the main effect of exercise on the bone mass in postmenopausal women is that the bone resorption process is inhibited, and the effect of calcium supplementation is greater than that of pure bone-building exercise.