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目的分析南京市鼓楼区2011—2015年5岁以下流动儿童死亡情况。方法收集南京市鼓楼区2011—2015年5岁以下流动儿童人口资料,并进行统计分析,记录儿童死亡率及死亡原因等情况。结果南京市鼓楼区2011—2015年5岁以下流动儿童死亡率无明显递增或递减趋势,其中2012年死亡率高于其他年份(P<0.05)。5岁以下流动儿童多数为新生儿死亡,其中2013年早期新生儿死亡率低于5‰,低于其他年份(P<0.05)。死亡原因包括出生窒息、早产低出生体重、先天畸形、先天性心脏病、重症肺炎、颅内出血、意外、先天愚型、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎以及多器官功能衰竭,其中出生窒息、早产低出生体重、先天畸形及先天性心脏病所占比例高于其他原因(P<0.05)。结论加强对流动人口的健康教育,提高流动人口孕产期保健和早期筛查率,提高新生儿的系统管理水平,可有效降低5岁以下流动儿童死亡率。
Objective To analyze the death of migrant children under 5 years old in Gulou District of Nanjing City from 2011 to 2015. Methods The data of migrant children under 5 years of age in Gulou district of Nanjing City from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed statistically to record the child mortality rate and the cause of death. Results Mortality rate of migrant children under 5 years of age in Gulou District in Nanjing Municipality from 2011 to 2015 showed no significant increase or decrease trend. Among them, the 2012 mortality rate was higher than other years (P <0.05). The majority of migrant children under the age of 5 were neonatal deaths, of which neonatal mortality in early 2013 was below 5 ‰, lower than in other years (P <0.05). Causes of death include birth asphyxia, preterm birth low birth weight, congenital anomalies, congenital heart disease, severe pneumonia, intracranial hemorrhage, accidents, Down’s syndrome, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis and multiple organ failure, including birth asphyxia, premature birth low Birth weight, congenital malformations and congenital heart disease accounted for a higher proportion of other causes (P <0.05). Conclusion Strengthening health education for floating population, improving maternal health and early screening rate among floating population and improving system management of newborn can effectively reduce the death rate of migrant children under 5 years of age.