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在新型农村合作医疗(简称“新农合”)政策下,农村居民的教育程度如何影响其健康状况引起了广泛关注,但是基于微观数据的实证研究却不多见。通过1997、2000、2004以及2006年间的中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)的农村个体调查对象的面板数据,我们可以了解农村居民个体的教育程度通过参保“新农合”的渠道对健康状况产生影响的机理,以及农村居民当前存在的“参保冷漠”现象和“新农合逆向选择”困局。总体上看,教育程度对“新农合”存在单一门限效应(门限值为5),即只有当学龄大于5年时,“新农合”才能发挥提高农村居民健康水平的作用;而且,“新农合”对影响农村居民健康的因果效应并不明显。因此,要从根本上解决农村居民健康问题,不仅需要建立更完善的医疗保险体系,还需要加强农村教育和人力资本积累。
Under the new rural cooperative medical system (“NCMS”) policy, how rural education affects the health status of rural residents has drawn much attention, but empirical research based on micro-data is rare. Through the panel data of rural individual surveyed by China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) in 1997, 2000, 2004 and 2006, we can understand that the educational level of rural residents through health insurance And the current situation of rural residents “insured cold ” phenomenon and “adverse selection of new rural cooperative medical workers ” predicament. Overall, the education level has a single threshold effect on the “NCMS” (the threshold is 5), that is, only when the school-age is greater than 5 years, can the “NCMS” play the role of improving the health of rural residents Moreover, the causal effect of “NCMS” on the health of rural residents is not obvious. Therefore, to fundamentally solve the health problems of rural residents, we not only need to establish a more perfect medical insurance system, but also need to strengthen rural education and human capital accumulation.