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本文以《金瓶梅》中西门庆宅的内宅为切入点,一方面考察以上房为核心的区域中,家庭结构、活动与住宅空间结构的关系,另一方面将住宅中的“房”视为与“厅堂”相对应的一种建筑类型,综合考虑建筑特征、家具布置及相应的行为,以剖析住宅中内外划分与性别划分的涵义,探讨传统住宅中的“私”的概念。指出传统住宅中的内宅(房)既是占有身体与财产的“私”的领域,也是家庭对内有效运作,对外展开社会交往的另一个空间,与厅堂一起构成家庭社会结构与住宅空间结构的两极。从而使住宅及居住于其中的家庭成为城市的活跃组成。
This article takes the inner house of Ximen Qingzhai in Jin Ping Mei as the starting point, on the one hand, it examines the relationship between family structure, activities and residential spatial structure in the area where the above houses are the core, and on the other hand, considers the “house” in the house. For a type of building corresponding to the “hall,” a comprehensive consideration of architectural features, furniture layout, and corresponding behaviors, in order to analyze the internal and external division of housing and the meaning of gender division, explore the “private” in traditional housing. concept. It is pointed out that the inner house (house) in a traditional residence is not only the domain of private possession of the body and property, but also another space for the effective operation of the family and external social interaction. Together with the hall, it constitutes the family social structure and the residential space structure. The poles. As a result, homes and the families that live in them become an active part of the city.