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可再生能源与常规化石能源两类能源的利用会产生不同的外部效应。相对于常规化石能源,可再生能源由于其可再生性以及污染小和减排效果好,其外部效应呈现正向外部效应,而常规化石能源则呈现负外部效应。但由于可再生能源开发利用成本较大,在其推广使用过程中经济效益较差。为克服这种困难,根据福利经济学的外部效应矫正理论,政府应加大干预的力度,使外部效应内部化,从而促进可再生能源的发展利用。
The use of two types of energy, renewable energy and conventional fossil fuels, will have different external effects. Compared with conventional fossil fuels, renewable energy has a positive external effect, while conventional fossil energy shows a negative external effect because of its renewable nature, small pollution and good emission reduction effect. However, due to the high cost of renewable energy development and utilization, it is not economically advantageous in its promotion and utilization. To overcome this difficulty, according to the theory of external effects correction in welfare economics, the government should step up its intervention to internalize the externalities so as to promote the development and utilization of renewable energy.