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通过观测初次繁殖养殖中华鲟(Acipenser sinensis)亲本产后的摄食行为,测量生长指标和监测血清中甲状腺指标、血液理化指标,进行产后亲本11个月康复的效果分析。结果表明:使用多春鱼(Mallotus villosus)可诱导产后亲本开口摄食及转食营养丰富的混合鲜饵。雌性产后身体虚弱,摄食时行为异常,随摄入营养水平逐渐提高,雌性和雄性最大摄食量于产后7个月时分别达到体质量的2.04%和1.60%,7个月后恢复正常。随混合鲜饵摄食量提高,亲本体质量从下降转而升高(9个月间雌雄亲本增长率分别为44.16%和23.30%),体长增长(增长率分别为5.00%和3.23%),与同龄未产的养殖中华鲟(参照组)相比,体质量和体长的增长率均处于较高水平。产后亲本血清总T3(TT3)、血清总T4(TT4)、血清游离T3(FT3)、血清游离T4(FT4)和多项血液理化指标在恢复培养期明显升高,至培养期末,TT3、FT3高于参照组,其余指标多接近参照组平均水平,表明产后亲本生理情况基本恢复。研究表明,加强产后康复培养,可以提高初次繁殖亲本,尤其是雌性的健康恢复和生长效果,对养殖中华鲟资源的重复利用和再次成熟后生殖力的提高至关重要。
The effect of 11 months postnatal parental rehabilitation was analyzed by observing the feeding behavior of the primordial breeding Acipenser sinensis and measuring the growth indexes, monitoring the serum thyroid indexes and blood physicochemical indexes. The results showed that the use of Mallotus villosus induced postnatal parental opening feeding and feeding of nutrient-rich mixed fresh bait. Female postpartum physical weakness, feeding behavior abnormalities, with the intake of nutrition gradually increased, the maximum female and male food intake in postpartum 7 months, respectively, 2.04% and 1.60% of body mass, returned to normal after 7 months. With the increase of the feed intake of mixed fresh bait, the body mass of the progeny increased from decline to increase (the male and female parents’ growth rates were 44.16% and 23.30% respectively at 9 months), body length growth (5.00% and 3.23% respectively) The growth rate of body weight and body length was at a higher level than that of the untreated farmed Chinese sturgeon (reference group). The total serum T3 (TT3), total serum T4 (FT4), serum free T3 (FT4), serum free T4 (FT4) and a number of blood physicochemical indexes in postnatal parents were significantly increased during the recovery period. Higher than the reference group, the rest of the indicators close to the average level of the reference group, indicating that the basic postpartum physiological recovery. Studies have shown that strengthening postnatal rehabilitation training can improve the health recovery and growth effects of the first breeding parents, especially the females, and is of vital importance for the reutilization of the resources of the Chinese sturgeon and the improvement of fecundity after the re-maturation.